Theoretical lesson on ski training on the topic “Skiing”.
Academic questions:
1. Safety rules for ski training and competitions.
2. Selection of ski equipment for yourself.
3. Ski moves used in racing.
4. Overcoming hillocks and depressions during descents.
5. Skiing down the mountains.
Skis appeared in ancient times, back in the Stone Age. The first skis were short and wide, and hunters could only use them to walk on snow.
Skiing is very popular in our country and is an affordable, exciting and useful activity, an excellent means of improving health, hardening, and developing endurance. Skiing gives you energy, increases your productivity, and creates a good mood.
Skiing is a popular and widespread winter sport, including racing, ski jumping, biathlon, slalom, alpine skiing and downhill, Nordic combined (racing and ski jumping), freestyle (ballet, acrobatics, moguls), as well as ski training as the first step in skiing.
We are proud of our outstanding skiers
World and Olympic champions: V. Kuzin, N. Zimyatov, P. Kolchin, V. Vedenin, A. Prokurorov, L. Kozyreva, G. Kulakova, R. Smetanina, E. Vyalbe, L. Egorova, O. Danilova and many others.
When skiing, the greatest number of muscles are involved in the work, compared to other types of exercises; the muscles of the legs, arms, back, and abdomen are thoroughly loaded.
In the process of training, vital qualities are improved - will, courage, endurance, speed and strength abilities.
1. Never shorten the distance.
2. If an opponent catches up with you, give way to the track and do not stop him from overtaking you.
3. Having caught up with your opponent, either overtake him or follow him, but not closer than 1 m.
4. 100 m before the finish line, you don’t have to give up the track.
5. During the relay race, you can touch a member of your team only with your hand and only in the corridor established for this.
6. You cannot change skis during the distance.
7. If for some reason you drop out of the race and cannot continue the competition, be sure to inform the panel of judges about this.
For skiing, it is advisable to wear a light sports jacket over a sports suit to protect from the wind.
The ski cap should cover your forehead, and it is better to wear mittens on your hands.
Ski boots should fit comfortably over two pairs of socks (one cotton, one wool). In order for the boots to become elastic and waterproof, they should be soaked in fish oil or drying oil, and after 1-2 hours rubbed with laundry soap.
Skis and poles are selected according to height. The length of the skis should be such that you can reach the end of the vertical ski with the fingers of your outstretched hand. The height of the poles should be slightly higher than the armpits. Sticks should be light, flexible and durable.
Before starting classes, skis are rubbed with ointment for better glide. The ointment is chosen depending on the air temperature.
Special pads are used for storage and transportation.
1. Maintain discipline, always see and hear the teacher, since the issuance of commands, instructions and orders is carried out at a low temperature and their repetitions should be kept to a minimum.
2. When following a friend on the ski track, maintain an interval 3-4 m, and when descending from the mountain at least 30 m.
3. When going down the mountain, do not put your poles in front of you, otherwise if you fall, you may stumble on them.
4. When descending a mountain, do not stop at its foot, as a skier descending behind you may run into you.
5. If during classes, a group walk, or a hike, you If you leave the race for any reason, be sure to warn your comrades about this.
6. When crossing a road, be sure to take off your skis.
7. Never rub frostbitten areas of your body with snow.
ORIGIN, DEVELOPMENT AND INITIAL APPLICATION OF SKIS
To find the origins of modern skiing, we need to go back several thousand years. Various devices that increased the area of support when moving through deep snow were used by ancient peoples in everyday life and in hunting. The first such devices, obviously, were the skins of killed animals, with which ancient hunters wrapped their legs, protecting them from the cold. This was the impetus for the use of other objects (bark fragments, chips, and later planks) to increase the support area. ...St. Petersburg. We are in one of the halls of the world famous State Hermitage Museum.. Leaning towards the stone, you will see drawings by an ancient artist depicting people, most likely hunters, on skis and with sticks. This composition of three figures presented in the figure is considered a unique monument of primitive art, which is about 5,000 years old.
But the age of another rock painting found off the coast of the Arctic Ocean, depicting a skier with an axe, is much older - archaeologists estimate it to be 12,000 years old.
But these are just drawings. Where are the skis themselves? And they are. One of the latest finds, made in 1982, a fossilized ski, was discovered in the Pskov region. Experts believe that it was made about 4,300 years ago.
Yes, not every sport can boast of such longevity!
What goals did our ancestors pursue when putting on skis? First of all, they served as a convenient means of transportation in the snow. Then, especially among the peoples of the North, Siberia, and Altai, they were indispensable during winter hunting.
- For us, Russians, December 29, 1895 is considered the birthday of domestic skiing. On this day, the opening ceremony of the Moscow Ski Club (MSC) took place, which became the true initiator and promoter of skiing throughout Russia. So, skiing in Russia is just over a hundred years old.
Mastery Exercises classic skiing
- C toyk a skier - slightly tilt your torso and bend your legs at the hip, knee and ankle joints, lower your slightly bent arms forward and down. Return to IP. Record muscle sensations. Pay attention to the even distribution of body weight on both legs. Avoid a position in which the knee “covers” the toe.
IP - skier's stance (SL), imitation of hand work - alternately swinging arms forward and backward (without poles). In front, the arm is slightly bent, the elbow is slightly turned outward, the hand is at eye level, the palm is inward, the fingers are clenched into a fist; From behind, the arm is straight, the hand is slightly further than the hip, the fingers are straightened (the hand imitates holding a stick). Avoid lateral bending and swaying of the body, squats
Hands behind your back. Step imitation in motion with an emphasis on sitting down before pushing off with your foot. I.P - OS, phase simulation sliding step Step imitation of a move in motion (without sticks and with sticks). Perform a lunge with the movement of the pelvis, monitor the late lift-off of the heel from the support, achieve complete push-off with the leg and arm and smooth loading of the supporting leg. The movements are swift while maintaining lightness.
With good glide and
descents apply simultaneous
move - stepless (Fig. 40, 41), When
advancement is made for
due to a strong push with sticks. So
move in the same way
And one-step and two-step
moves. Only with this method
While the sticks are being carried forward, one or two steps are taken forward. .
Alternating two-step stroke
is one of the main
classic modes of transportation .
It is used on flat
sections and on climbs in various
sliding conditions. By doing
this move the skier glides
alternately on one, then on the other
ski and also alternately for each
step is pushed off by hand, always
different in relation to
push leg, i.e. general scheme
maximum movements of arms and legs
close to normal walking.
Uphill climbs
- When going straight uphill, the ski taps slightly with each step.
- In Fig. 4 shows a ladder climb. Used when climbing a steep slope.” Half herringbone lift
- Used when climbing obliquely along a moderately steep slope. The upper ski moves directly in the direction of the climb, and the lower ski is moved with its toe outward and placed on the inner edge.
- The hands work in the same way as in an alternating two-step stroke; pushing off with the foot when moving uphill is done primarily due to the ski turned to the side.
Rice. 4. Climbing ladder
Rice. 2. Half herringbone lift
The herringbone climb (Fig. 3) is used on fairly steep slopes (up to 35°), when schoolchildren are not able to overcome; they increase their grip on the snow and prevent sliding. The name of this method comes from the trace in the snow that the skier leaves, and resembles the branches of a Christmas tree. A skier, overcoming the climb in this way,
When rising sliding The tilt of the torso increases, the length of the step decreases, the push with the hand ends simultaneously with the push off with the foot. The amplitude in the work of the arms and legs decreases - they are carried forward with an energetic swinging movement immediately after the end of the pushes, the “swing” is almost absent. Climb with a stepping step
This climb resembles a sliding move, but there is no skiing. The step is even shorter. The push-off with the foot is directed the most, the push-off with the hands is done with greater effort, the range of arm movements is shorter
Rice. 1. Lifting with a sliding step
- Descent from the mountain . Rice. 44 shows how to go down the mountain. With a gentler descent, the torso and legs straighten more, and with a steeper descent, on the contrary, they bend.
- Low stand
- The skier's legs are strongly bent, the torso is tilted forward, and the arms are bent forward. This stance is used on straight, gentle slopes. The speed with this stance is the highest.
- Main stand The legs are bent less, the torso is tilted forward, the body weight is evenly distributed on both legs. The arms are slightly bent, the sticks are pointed back.
- High stand The skier stands even straighter, but the legs remain slightly bent for shock absorption when overcoming the unevenness of the ski.
- Let's do it again!
- Skiing is not only the most popular sport in Russia, but also the best way to improve health in winter. Due to its accessibility, it covers lovers of all ages and skill levels. Systematic skiing helps improve health, develops willpower and strengthens character, and also develops speed and endurance, but also muscle strength, especially the upper shoulder girdle.
Let's repeat:
1.How old is skiing in Russia? 2. What is a stepless move? ...one-step? ...two-step? ...alternating two-step? 3.What types of lifting do you know? 4. What types of descent do you know?
5.Show the skier's stance.
Slide 1
SKI TRAINING
Skis are a very ancient invention. Scientists believe that they appeared 20-30 thousand years ago. And their place of birth must be sought in the north, in the midst of endless snow. On the shores of the White Sea there are images of skis carved into the rocks, and on the Scandinavian Peninsula skis that are 2-4 thousand years old have been found.
Slide 2
Our ancestors used skis in war and at home. The appearance of skis was due to man's need to hunt for food in winter and move across snow-covered terrain. For example, Tsar Ivan III, during the conquest of the Yugra land (Western Siberia), sent a special ski army, which successfully fought in the harsh conditions of Siberia.
The famous Norwegian polar explorer Fridtjof Nansen greatly contributed to the mass passion for skiing. In 1888, he was the first to cross Greenland from west to east. This was not only a geographical achievement, but also a sporting one: after all, Nansen and his companions were skiing.
More history
Slide 3
In 1895, the Moscow Ski Club was created. True, the Russian championship was won only 15 years later. The competition took place in Moscow, on the Khodynskoe field: 14 skiers ran a 30 km race.
The winner was janitor Pavel Bychkov. A long discussion took place on the pages of newspapers about whether a person whose professional activity involves physical labor can be considered an athlete. By the way, Bychkov completed the distance in 2 hours 26 minutes 47 seconds. Today's best skiers complete the 30-kilometer course a full hour faster
Slide 4
Skiing is still popular today. There is a road for skiing everywhere in winter; they are necessary for hunters, foresters, and rural postmen. Not a single research expedition is complete without skis. But how great it is to ski just like that on a track laid in a fabulous winter forest!
Safety precautions
Test task: Read the test task carefully. Choose the correct answer and put the number 1 next to it. Pay attention! There is only one correct answer in each task! Check your work and signal that you are finished. After the teacher has viewed it, double-click the word grade in the lower left corner with the left key.
Instructions
Slide 5
Skiing technique
Ski moves can be alternating or simultaneous. When moving on skis, pushes are performed first with one and then with the other stick. Such ski moves are called alternating. When the skis glide well on the snow, it becomes necessary to push off with two poles at the same time. This increases the sliding speed. Such ski moves are called simultaneous.
Alternating two-step stroke
free sliding
sliding with straightening the supporting leg
sliding with a crouch
lunge with squat
push-off with straightening of the pushing leg
Slide 6
Simultaneous stepless movement
It is used when moving downhill and on the plain, on rolled sections of the ski slope, if there is good support for poles and excellent glide. While moving with this move, the skier is simultaneously strongly pushed off by the poles. Sliding on both skis, he brings both poles forward and up, then quickly places them in front of the toes of his boots and pushes off strongly. The body bends to a horizontal position
More details
Slide 7
Half herringbone lift
This method is used on non-steep slopes
Herringbone lift
As the steepness of the slope increases, the toes of the skis are spread even wider, and the skis themselves are placed even more on the edges, and the support on the poles increases.
Plow braking
When braking with a “plow”, pressing your heels on the skis and squeezing your knees, the rear ends of the skis are moved apart and the toes are brought together. Skis are placed on the inner ribs. The sticks are held close to the knees, behind.
Slide 8
Turn by “stepping over”
Used to change direction when moving.
When descending from a slope in the main stance, the weight of the body is transferred to the outer ski, and the inner ski is moved with the toe in the direction of the turn. Stepping is done by vigorously pushing off with the outer ski, after which it is quickly attached to the inner one.
Slide 9
SKI STADIUM LAYOUT
Learning Circle Direct for Teacher Direct for Students
Slide 10
Movement diagram at the ski stadium
Teacher Students
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Slide captions:
Presentation Ski training Olga Viktorovna Tsareva Physical education teacher MBOU “School No. 47”
Ski training Theoretical lesson on ski training on the topic “Skiing.” Scientific questions: Safety rules for ski training and competitions. Selection of ski equipment for yourself. Ski moves used in racing. Overcoming hillocks and depressions during descents. Skiing down the mountains.
Skis appeared in ancient times, back in the Stone Age. The first skis were short and wide, and hunters could only use them to walk on snow.
Skiing is very popular in our country and is an affordable, exciting and useful activity, an excellent means of improving health, hardening, and developing endurance. Skiing gives you energy, increases your productivity, and creates a good mood.
Skiing is a popular and widespread winter sport, including racing, ski jumping, biathlon, slalom, alpine skiing and downhill, Nordic combined (racing and ski jumping), freestyle (ballet, acrobatics, moguls), as well as ski training as the first step in skiing.
We are proud of our outstanding skiers - world and Olympic champions: V. Kuzin, N. Zimyatov, P. Kolchin, V. Vedenin, A. Prokurorov, L. Kozyreva, G. Kulakova, R. Smetanina, E. Vyalbe, L. Egorova, O. Danilova and many others.
When skiing, the greatest number of muscles are involved in the work, compared to other types of exercises; the muscles of the legs, arms, back, and abdomen are thoroughly loaded. In the process of training, vital qualities are improved - will, courage, endurance, speed and strength abilities.
Never shorten the distance. If an opponent catches up with you, give way to the track and do not stop him from overtaking you. Having caught up with your opponent, either overtake him, or follow him, but no closer than 1 m. 100 m before the finish, you don’t have to give up the track. During the relay race, you can touch a member of your team only with your hand and only in the corridor established for this. You cannot change skis during the distance. If for some reason you drop out of the race and cannot continue the competition, be sure to notify the panel of judges.
For skiing, it is advisable to wear a light sports jacket over a sports suit to protect from the wind. The ski cap should cover your forehead, and it is better to wear mittens on your hands. Ski boots should fit comfortably over two pairs of socks (one cotton, one wool). In order for the boots to become elastic and waterproof, they should be soaked in fish oil or drying oil, and after 1-2 hours rubbed with laundry soap.
Skis and poles are selected according to height. The length of the skis should be such that you can reach the end of the vertical ski with the fingers of your outstretched hand. The height of the poles should be slightly higher than the armpits. Sticks should be light, flexible and durable. Before starting classes, skis are rubbed with ointment for better glide. The ointment is chosen depending on the air temperature. Special pads are used for storage and transportation.
Maintain discipline, always see and hear the teacher, since the issuance of commands, instructions and orders is carried out at a low temperature and their repetitions should be kept to a minimum. When following a friend along the ski track, maintain an interval of 3-4 m, and when descending from a mountain, at least 30 m. When descending from a mountain, do not put your poles in front of you, otherwise if you fall, you may stumble on them. When descending a mountain, do not stop at its foot, as a skier descending behind you may run into you. If during classes, a group walk, or a hike, for any reason you leave the race, be sure to warn your comrades about this. When crossing a road, be sure to take off your skis. Never rub frostbitten areas of your body with snow.
Ratings Exercises girls boys excellent good satisfactory excellent good satisfactory Skiing (m.s) 1km 7.00 and less 7.01-8.00 8.01 and more 6.30 and less 6.31-7.39 7.40 and more Skiing (m.s) 2km 14.30 and less 14.31 -15.29 15.30 and more 14.00 and less 14.01-14.59 15.00 and more Cross-country skiing (m.s.) 3 km Not timed Not timed
Ski moves can be alternating or simultaneous. When moving on skis, pushes are performed first with one and then with the other stick. Such ski moves are called alternating. When the skis glide well on the snow, it becomes necessary to push off with two poles at the same time. This increases the sliding speed. Such ski moves are called simultaneous.
It is performed as follows: with a step of the left leg, the right foot is brought forward, at the same time a push is made with the left hand and right leg - the weight of the body is transferred to the left leg. The right leg relaxes after the push and, by inertia, moves back and up, lifting the heel of the ski. At the same time, the torso is tilted forward, the right hand finishes carrying the stick forward, the hand is at shoulder level. From this position the skier prepares to take the next step. Continuing to slide on his left foot, he places his right stick with pressure on the snow and pushes off with it. While simultaneously pulling up the right leg and transferring the weight of the body onto it, the left arm continues to move forward: sliding occurs on the right ski. The stroke cycle is completed and is repeated in the future.
Simultaneous two-step stroke (Fig. 125). The cycle of movements consists of two sliding steps and simultaneous pushing with sticks to the second step. After the end of the push with the hands, the skier glides by inertia. Repeating an alternating two-step move. On a ski track with a slope of 3-4°, alternate sliding on one and the other ski; alternate sliding on one or the other ski on a flat track without poles, focusing on a strong, complete push, active extension of the fly leg and late transfer of body weight; moving in a sliding step with swinging arms, holding the sticks by the middle. Execution of the move in general in good sliding conditions.
used when moving downhill and on the plain, on rolled out sections of the ski slope, if there is good support for poles and excellent glide. While moving with this move, the skier is simultaneously strongly pushed off by the poles. Sliding on both skis, he brings both poles forward and up, then quickly places them in front of the toes of his boots and pushes off strongly. The body bends to a horizontal position.
The half-herringbone lift (Fig. 99) is performed like a stepping step. In this case, the toe of the lower ski is moved to the side, and the ski itself is placed on the inner edge. The top ski continues to slide in the direction of movement, the arms move in the same way as in an alternating two-step stroke. This method is used on non-steep slopes. “Plow” braking (Fig. 100) is used during a straight descent (straight down). When braking with a “plow”, pressing your heels on the skis and squeezing your knees, the rear ends of the skis are moved apart and the toes are brought together. Skis are placed on the inner ribs. The sticks are held close to the knees, behind. The step turn (Fig. 101) is used to change direction when driving over rough terrain. When descending from a slope in the main stance, the skier transfers the weight of the body to the outer ski, and moves the inner ski with the toe in the direction of the turn. Stepping is done by vigorously pushing off with the outer ski, after which it is quickly attached to the inner one.
The herringbone climb (Fig. 126) is used on slopes of 20-30°. During this lift, the skis are placed on the inner edges. The skier takes turns stepping, moving the heel of the raised ski over the heel of another standing on the snow. Support poles are placed on the sides and behind the skis. As the steepness of the slope increases, the toes of the skis are spread even wider, and the skis themselves are placed even more on the edges, and the support on the poles increases. Braking with a "stop" ("semi-plough") The weight of the body is concentrated on the upper ski, sliding on the outer edge. The lower ski, unloaded from the weight of the body and placed at an angle to the direction of movement, “combs” the snow surface with its inner edge, creating braking. Turning "with emphasis" When the braking ski moves forward and loads it more with the weight of the body, a turn occurs.
Exercises for improving the alternating two-step move: Sliding step without sticks: landing (take the landing - straighten); transfer of body weight from ski to pole; sliding step with hands behind back; sliding step (arms down) with simultaneous extension of arms, with alternate extension of arms - “scooter” (squat, push-off, roll). Sliding step with sticks: imitation of alternating work of hands in place, holding the sticks by the middle; skiing with active swinging of poles; skiing with poles placed on the snow. Movement by alternating two-step moves along the ski track.
Promotes the development of high speed and is used on slopes, plains, and gentle slopes for the purpose of acceleration - acceleration. The stroke cycle consists of two sliding steps, each of which includes: pushing off with the foot (right and left), simultaneous pushing off with the hands and sliding. The initial removal of the poles and their placement on the snow creates a support that prevents the skis from slipping. Next is repulsion with a stick. Without finishing pushing with one hand, you should start pushing with the other.
Before the hillock you need to straighten up a little, at the moment of hitting the hillock you need to sit down, and when moving off it you need to straighten up again. In front of the depression, you must take a low stance to avoid jumping. When driving through a depression, straighten up, and when leaving it, sit down again. To maintain stability on the slopes when encountering depressions, holes, and bumps, an important condition is the contact of the skis with the snow. To do this, the skier uses springing movements with his legs and balancing movements with his torso and arms.
The skiing technique requires maintaining balance and stability in the appropriate stance - basic, high, low. When descending in the main stance, the legs are spread the width of the ski track and slightly bent at the knees. For better stability, one ski is moved forward. It is more convenient to make turns and braking from the main stand; it is often used for straight descents. A high stance serves to reduce speed by increasing air resistance, as the legs and torso are more straightened. A low stance helps reduce air resistance and increase speed. With a low stance, the torso is significantly tilted forward, the legs are strongly bent. All stances are first studied on site, then they begin to master them on open and gentle slopes from the main stance.
What is the effect of skiing on human health? Name the outstanding skiers of our country you know. Tell us about the safety rules that must be followed during ski training classes and competitions. How to choose ski equipment for yourself? What ski moves are used in racing? What motor qualities develop during ski training? How to overcome bumps and depressions when descending? Tell us about skiing down the mountains.
Description of the presentation by individual slides:
1 slide
Slide description:
2 slide
Slide description:
Introduction Relevance Physical education is largely provided by various types of physical exercises. Among them, skiing occupies a large place. Skiing is included in all core physical education programs. It is accessible and interesting for children. Skiing has a great influence on the physical development and hardening of the child’s body. It involves almost all muscle groups in work, promotes vigorous metabolism in the body, enhances the functional activity of internal organs, develops muscle sensitivity, promotes the development of spatial orientation and coordination of movements, as children move on skis in conditions of constantly changing terrain.
3 slide
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Goal: Instilling interest in skiing. Distraction from bad habits, development of healthy lifestyle skills Objectives: 1 Educational. Rules of conduct during ski lessons. Temperature conditions, clothing requirements for ski training classes. Alternating and simultaneous two-step stroke. Stepless move. 2. Developmental. Development of endurance. Completion of a distance of 1 km 3. Educational. Fostering collectivism, hard work, and activity.
4 slide
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5 slide
Slide description:
Hypothesis 1 lesson – theoretical. Topic: Skiing, a little about history. Rules of conduct during ski lessons. Temperature conditions, clothing requirements for ski training classes. Lesson 2 – practical and methodological. Topic: Alternating and simultaneous two-step stroke. Stepless move. Learning, working on technique. Completing a distance of 1 km I assume that such lessons will form in schoolchildren basic theoretical and practical knowledge about the development of skiing. The work is that the correct balance of exercises on movement in classic skiing with game exercises and tasks will help improve the quality of educational work in ski lessons in grades 5-7. These lessons will arouse lasting interest and enrich the motor experience of students. To implement this project, 2 lessons are required.
6 slide
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Snowshoes are devices invented by residents of the polar regions to move on the snow while hunting. They were planes tied to the feet, which reduced the pressure on the snow. They were made by stretching animal skins over a wooden frame or interweaving flexible rods. One of the options for such a snowshoe were wooden planks. In particular, they gave the hunter the opportunity not only to walk through deep snow, but also to slide. Gradually, these planks began to take on an oblong shape. They began to be specially adapted for gliding, for which purpose the bow was bent and the lower surface was lubricated with animal fat. Thin and durable animal skin straps were used to attach them to the legs.
7 slide
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The history of skiing just began in Scandinavia, where the first competitions that received the status of cross-country skiing were organized. Gradually, they began to be held wherever snow fell in winter (note xurma.ru). True, today even residents of southern countries have become “infected” with this sport. Therefore, in the summer, when there is no snow, races began to be held on asphalt or other hard surfaces, for which, instead of skis, special mechanical devices called roller skis are used. Today ski disciplines are very diverse. These include races of 5, 15, 20, 30 and even 50 kilometers (ski marathon). Running is carried out in both classic and free style.
8 slide
Slide description:
Safety precautions Clothes for ski lessons: warm ski suit, jacket, knitted cap, mittens, warm woolen socks. Skis must be carried out with your toes up, heels down; sticks with rings down. Move along the ski slope maintaining a distance of 1.2 m. On the ski slope you cannot wave your ski poles or push when overtaking a friend; hit your skis and your friends with a stick. Go down the slope, go up using ski moves. If you feel unwell during the lesson or are cold, you must inform the teacher.
Slide 9
Slide description:
Technique of movement on skis Ski moves can be alternating and simultaneous. When moving on skis, pushes are performed first with one and then with the other stick. Such ski moves are called alternating. When the skis glide well on the snow, it becomes necessary to push off with two poles at the same time. This increases the sliding speed. Such ski moves are called simultaneous Alternating two-step stroke free gliding gliding with straightening of the supporting leg gliding with a squat lunge with a squat lunge with a squat
10 slide
Slide description:
Exercises for improving the alternating two-step move: 1. Sliding step without sticks: landing (take the landing - straighten); transfer of body weight from ski to pole; sliding step with hands behind back; sliding step (arms down) with simultaneous extension of arms, with alternate extension of arms - “scooter” (squat, push-off, roll). 2. Sliding step with sticks: imitation of alternating work of hands in place, holding the sticks by the middle; skiing with active swinging of poles; skiing with poles placed on the snow. 3.Movement with alternating two-step moves along the ski track
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