Bicycle trips and tourist safety
Lesson plan:
The main features of cycling tourism and the requirements for its participants.
Preparing for a cycling trip.
Features of personal safety of participants of a cycling trip.
Bicycle tourism in Russia arose in the late 1890s. In 1885, a society of cyclists and tourists was organized in St. Petersburg. Already at this time, lovers of cycling trips organized long-distance trips: from Moscow to St. Petersburg, from St. Petersburg to Paris.
A bicycle is a vehicle that has two wheels and is driven by human muscle power.
Persons at least 14 years of age are allowed to ride a bicycle while driving on the road. In some regions of the country this age may be reduced to 12 years.
Nowadays, the attractiveness of cycling travel is growing, especially since different types of bicycles have become available for sale and the possibility of cycling trips has expanded.
Basic requirements for the technical condition of a bicycle:
the bicycle must have working brakes and a sound signal
When driving at night, the bicycle must be equipped with a white flashlight at the front and a red reflector at the rear.
When preparing for a cycling trip, it is necessary to carefully inspect the bicycle, identify and eliminate faults
Cycling equipment includes:
tent, backpack, dishes, fire equipment...
clothing, taking into account climatic conditions
repair kit
Ensuring cycling safety:
compliance with traffic rules
When driving, take into account the condition of the road
do not continue driving in poor visibility
Constantly monitor the condition of the bike
life safety fundamentals
6th grade
Lesson 11.
Subject:
Target: 1. To form in students a holistic understanding of cycling tourism and the requirements for participants in a cycling trip.
2. Introduce the main activities carried out in preparation for the hike, ensuring the safety of its participants, and organizing the movement of tourists along the route.
3. Foster a culture of safe behavior during a cycling trip.
Equipment : presentation, multimedia projector, screen, reminders, tests, notebooks.
Lesson type : combined
During the classes.
I. Organizational moment
- Sit down.
Today we have guests at our lesson - life safety teachers from other schools in our area, but I ask you guys not to worry.
II. State the topic and purpose of the lesson.
Guess the riddle:
I don't look like a piano
But I also have a pedal.
Who is not a coward or a coward,
I'll give him a good ride.
I don't have a motor.
And my name is...( bike).
What kind of campaign are we going to talk about today?
Right. Topic of today's lessonBicycle trips and tourist safety (slide 1). What do you think we will get to know today?
Slide. Conclusion. In class we should get to know
1. The main features of cycling tourism and the requirements for its participants.
2. Preparing for a cycling trip.
3. Features of personal safety of participants of a cycling trip .
III. Checking homework.
Let's remember the material from previous lessons.
Tell me, what is a hike? ( A hike is an organized movement of a group of people for a specific purpose)
What types of hikes are there based on the method of transportation? (walking, cycling, horseback riding, water riding, skiing).
- How long are the hikes? (one-day, multi-day, weekend hikes).
What are the main features of water tourism?
What are the main dangerous factors of water tourism?
Tell us how to prepare for a boat trip?
2. Answer the test questions.
1. What is the mode of transition when hiking on flat terrain?
A).30 minutes of movement, 30 minutes of rest.
B). 40 min. movement 10-20 min. rest.
IN). 1 hour movement 20-30 minutes rest.
2. When hiking in mountainous areas, what should be the mode of movement and rest?
A). 45 minutes movement 15 minutes rest.
B). 40 min. movement 30 min rest.
IN). 1 hour drive 20 min. rest.
3. . How long does it take to stop for a minute during a long climb in the mountains?
A). Every 5-7 minutes.
B). In 10-15 minutes.
IN). In 15-20 minutes.
4. From which side should a drowning person be pulled out of the water and into the boat?
A). From the left side.
B). From the starboard side.
IN). From the stern.
5. What is the optimal distance between skiers during a ski trip in good weather?
A). 8-10 m.
B). 4-5 m.
IN). 6-7 m.
6. . Where should you start when preparing for a ski trip?
A). Ski lubricants.
B). Ski pole selections.
IN). Strengthening physical health and hardening.
7. In what places in the mountains can you not set up a bivouac?
A). In clearings with tall grass.
B). At the mouths of dry rivers.
IN). Near tall trees.
8. In what part of the boat should lifebuoys be located during a boat trip?
A). In the bow.
B). In the stern.
IN). Overboard, tied to the boat with a rope.
Mutual verification of test results.
1) b, 2) a, 3) b, 4) c, 5) a, 6) c, 7) b, 8) a.
Swap notebooks and check the test (slide). Give each other ratings.
I V . Working on a new topic.
A student tells a poem about a bicycle.
Bicycles are the wind
A shaving flight from the hills.
There is no faster way in the world
Go forward without fuel.
Freedom to choose the road
Expanses of arable land and meadows.
The pedals are easy for your feet to turn,
And the night is near rivers or ponds.
What is a bicycle? Slide.(Bike - a vehicle having two or more wheels and driveninto motion by human muscular power).
Why did the bicycle get this name? In Latin, "velox" means "fast" and "pedis" means "legs." So it turned out to be a “bicycle”, that is, “swift-footed”.
Message. History of the development of cycling tourism(slide).
Now we will get acquainted with the history of the development of cycling tourism.
The history of cycling tourism is lost in the mists of time. The first cyclists include travelers who, for lack of anything better, mounted horses, donkeys, donkeys and camels. Centuries passed before humanism and the fight for animal rights, with the assistance and development of science and technology, allowed people to switch to a normal two-wheeled device with a pedal-foot drive. More than 100 years passed before this hobby became truly widespread and began to take civilized forms.
The first tourist club in Russia appeared in St. Petersburg at the end of the 19th century, its core were cycling enthusiasts. The new history of cycling tourism is usually calculated from 1958, when the Leningrad Tourist Club (LCT) was formed, which united in sections all the then existing types of tourism, including cycling. The peak of cycling tourism activity occurred in the second half of the 70s and 80s, when groups of Leningrad cyclists made expeditions of high complexity in the Caucasus, Pamirs, Tien Shan, and Altai.
3. The teacher continues. Slide.
There are certain age restrictions for young cyclists. Persons at least 14 years of age are allowed to ride a bicycle on the road. And also take part in cycling tourist trips from the age of 14. However, this age can be reduced by decision of the relevant authorities of the republics within the Russian Federation, territories, regions, but not by more than 2 years.
But young tourists over 12 years old can participate in weekend cycling trips with their parents.
Slide. In recent years, cycling tourism has become an increasingly popular form of recreation. The growth of its popularity is associated with the fashion for a healthy lifestyle in general, since cycling is one of the most environmentally friendly and healthy types of tourism. It attracts not only with the feeling of speed and freedom, but also with interesting excursions and improves your physical fitness. as well as the opportunity to fully relax in nature. A cyclist can travel a considerable distance. Cycling trips can be one-day or multi-day, solo or group. They can travel over rough terrain and on smooth roads. In cycling, unlike other types of cycling, there is no competitive aspect - tourists do not need to reach the finish line faster than others.
Slide. Depending on the goals and lengthbike trip selection is made for him. So, if the hike will mainly take place over rough terrain, especially in the mountains, then it will be more suitable for it . If the hiking route is mostly on flat roads, then a regular one will do. or option (for short trips). In general, when choosing a bicycle, you should be guided by considerations of convenience and reliability. Remember that you will have to spend not one day.
Slide.
When preparing for any cycling excursion, it is important to thoroughly inspect your bike. The bicycle must have working brakes and a sound signal.When driving at night, the bicycle must be equipped with a white flashlight at the front and a red reflector at the rear. It is necessary to identify and eliminate malfunctions and deviations from normal operation, especially moving parts; wipe and lubricate all rubbing parts; check wheel balancing and tire inflation; strengthen the trunk. After this, you need to test the bike on the go.
Slide. In the process of preparing for a hike, you should think over and select equipment taking into account the duration and complexity of the route. In addition to the usual things that are traditional and necessary on any hiking trip (for example, a tent, a backpack, dishes, fire equipment, etc.), a cyclist’s equipment must include a repair kit (even for a one-day hike). Typically, a repair kit includes: a set of wrenches, pliers, a screwdriver, rubber cement, patch rubber, scissors, a bicycle pump and spare parts (spare tire or tube, nuts, washers, ball bearings, spokes, brake pads, etc.).
The clothes of a cyclist should correspond to his hiking style and comfort when traveling on a bicycle. You must have with you two pairs of shorts and T-shirts with short sleeves, a cowboy shirt, a light cotton suit, short (knee-length) trousers or shorts, 3 - 4 pairs of cotton socks and cycling gloves. In case of cold weather, a wool sweater, wool socks, gloves and a storm jacket will not be superfluous. As a headdress, it is advisable to take a light Panama hat or a hat made of cotton fabric with a visor. On a hike, as experience shows, cyclists usually make do with two pairs of shoes: when moving - sneakers with hard soles, while on vacation - slippers or sandals.
Organization of the movement of cyclists along the route
You can travel by bicycle almost throughout the country. However, novice cyclists are recommended to areas where flat roads prevail, passable in any weather, and most of the routes are laid through wooded areas.
Experts advise choosing local roads with asphalt or sand and gravel surfaces for cycling. Expressways and federal highways are not recommended for cyclists due to the increased danger caused by heavy vehicle traffic and high air pollution above them.
Multi-day hikes and bicycle trips are usually carried out in groups of 4 - 6 people. Such a group is considered the most mobile, capable of quickly providing the necessary assistance to an injured tourist and eliminating a technical malfunction.
When moving along the route, ups and downs require increased attention from tourists. However, short and gentle climbs can be overcome on foot, while long and protracted climbs are best done on foot. On descents, cyclists need to slow down from the very beginning of the descent, while maintaining a distance of 10-12 m from another cyclist. It is advisable to drive sharp turns on descents at low speed, since at high speed the bicycle can skid. When driving, you must also take into account that the side of the road can be loose and you should move onto it very carefully, in order to avoid falling due to a sharp decrease in speed.
It is recommended to make a technical halt 20 - 25 minutes after the start of the movement. It is carried out in order to check the technical serviceability of bicycles and eliminate identified deficiencies. The speed of movement on the route for novice tourists should not exceed 10-12 km/h. You should not get carried away with high speeds, as this requires not only significant physical effort, but also increased attention in driving a bicycle, which deprives a person of the opportunity to see the beauty of the surrounding nature.
The daily routine of cyclists depends on the time of year and the hiking area. The day's trek must end 1-2 hours before dark. The most important condition for ensuring the safety of a cycling trip is strict compliance by all tourists in the group with the Traffic Rules.
The speed while driving along the route must be maintained taking into account the condition of the road and reduced on descents, especially on roads with poor surfaces, as well as when driving on a wet highway or a dirt road with puddles. Tourists should be aware that it is prohibited to continue driving along the route at dusk and at night, as well as when visibility on the road is poor due to fog or heavy haze. If it is necessary to drive in such conditions, the bicycle should be carried in your hands, observing the rules for the movement of pedestrians on the roads. Experienced tourists advise constantly monitoring the condition of the bicycle, carrying out a technical inspection every day, and immediately correcting any malfunctions or deviations in operation. A high level of discipline in a group of cycling tourists also ensures safety.
Safety while cycling.
So, you got on your bike and are traveling along big and small roads. How to ensure safety while cycling?
First, follow the traffic rules. For a driver, a cyclist is worse than a monkey with a grenade. A bicycle is much more maneuverable than a car. Therefore, a bicycle on the road is the object of attention No. 1. They will go around you, they will let you pass, just so as not to have problems. All you have to do is behave according to the drivers' expectations. Remember that only the edge of the right lane or the shoulder is reserved for a bicycle; intersections with roads more than one lane wide must be crossed by jumping off the saddle.
If you move in the dark, be sure to hang a red reflector behind you, or better yet, a headlight - at night you cannot see a cyclist further than ten meters, you can simply be hit.
When traveling in mountainous areas, do not be lazy to check the serviceability of the brakes. They are your stronghold and hope. Don’t hit the road with only one working brake: if one brake fails, the second one may also fail. Having accelerated strongly on a descent, you should not brake sharply. First of all, you will get carried away. Secondly, the brakes on most bicycles may not be able to handle the load.
A helmet and leg guards have never harmed anyone. Other pro gear should be appropriate for your "skill" level. If you secure your feet to the pedals in any way, also wear protection or at least a helmet. The equipment class should correspond not only to your skills, but also to the various pieces of equipment.
Consolidation. Solving situational problems.
Now you have to solve situational problems. In order for you to find the right solution to get out of a difficult situation, you are offered reminders. (Attachment: memo).
a) Open the notes. Familiarize yourself with the safety requirements for cyclists on cycling trips (do it yourself).
Situation No. 1.
My bike broke during a cycling trip. Your actions.
b) Read excerpts from the traffic rules that cyclists are prohibited on the roads (on your own).
List what is prohibited for a cyclist according to the rules of the road?
6. Now let's test ourselves. Slide.
Now let's check ourselves.
1.At what age can you ride a bicycle on the streets?
2. Which sign allows you to ride a bicycle?
3.What do you need to check before every bike ride?
Answer:
1.Check the tire pressure, the serviceability of the rear wheel brake hub, and the strength of the semi-frame connection.
2. Clean the mechanism from dust and dirt.
3. There is no need to check anything.
V . Summing up the lesson.
a) Reflection
– Tell me, guys, were we bored in class today? Why?
– What question or task did you like best?
b) Grading
V
I
. Homework. Slide.
Study § 2.5 of the textbook on questions and complete one task of your choice:
Choose riddles for this topic.
Find and learn a poem about a bicycle.
Recording a personal note in a diary
Well, now some parting words for you:
Don't get lost in the face of trouble, be brave
Suppress the involuntary fear in your soul.
To get down to business competently,
Young friend, study life safety! Slide.
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Slide captions:
Bicycle trips and the safety of tourists Completed by: Student of 6th grade “B” MAOU “School No. 84” Olga Golovanova
Currently, people's orientation towards a healthy lifestyle is becoming more and more popular. Affordable and simple types of active recreation come to the fore. One of these types is bicycle tourism. A bicycle is one of the most effective means of transportation; it is relatively cheap, maneuverable, autonomous, trouble-free and easy to operate.
There are several areas of ensuring safety in cycling tourism and they are associated with different conditions. The first and indispensable condition for safety is knowledge and unconditional compliance with traffic rules along the entire route. This applies to road markings, signs, overtaking rules, etc. A cyclist must know not only his maneuver, but also the possible actions of all traffic participants - pedestrians, cars and other vehicles. A bicycle is treated the same as other vehicles, so the cyclist must remember the responsibility that lies with him.
Proper organization of traffic is extremely important for ensuring the safety of a bicycle trip. Participants must move one after another in a tight group in one column. The guide is the instructor, the trailing one is appointed by the instructor. This is usually a mechanic, orderly or the most experienced participant. The trailing person should never leave anyone behind. It is advisable that the guide and follower wear bright clothes (red, orange) or have large stripes on their backs. Conscious observance by cyclists of safe speed and discipline on the route will prevent accidents and ensure group safety of the trip.
The safety of the hike depends on meteorological conditions. The decision to continue moving, slowing down the pace, or wait out the bad weather, adjusting the hiking schedule, is made based on the following: whether the group has sufficient experience driving in such weather conditions and whether the road situation allows them to continue moving; whether the bad weather is prolonged or short-lived; does the group have the necessary equipment for moving in rain (snow) and is there any prospect of drying and warming up at the end of the day?
Traveling in the dark should be completely excluded from the practice of cyclists, since safety at this time is sharply reduced due to insufficient illumination of the road and its sides. In addition, the headlights of oncoming vehicles, even with low-intensity traffic, practically deprive the cyclist of vision, while adaptation occurs slowly and can last up to 5 minutes.
An important condition for ensuring traffic safety is the correct distribution of cargo between group members. Excessive load can lead to rapid fatigue: hence loss of coordination, which in turn can cause a fall. Therefore, in order to prevent such a phenomenon, it is necessary before going on the route to distribute all the cargo between the participants, taking into account the strengths of each
The most difficult thing is to travel through a group of settlements, especially large ones. The safety of cyclists depends on clear group maneuvering and compliance with traffic rules. The condition for successful maneuvering in the city is the preservation of the column and its formation. The manager must know well the location of transport highways and city streets and outline in advance the shortest and easiest routes to the objects of interest.
Problems can also arise due to injuries to participants in the hike, possible illnesses and deterioration of the cyclist’s condition as a whole. Depending on the severity of the disease, you can simply relieve the participant for a while, arrange a day, but it may also be necessary to urgently deliver him to the hospital or send him home. If a breakdown or illness occurs in a group of schoolchildren, then the participant can be sent off the route only if accompanied by an adult. If this is not possible, then the entire group is forced to stop the hike.
In many ways, the safety of a cycling trip is determined by the quality and condition of the equipment. In addition to the bicycle, these are: a pump with a hose and adapter, a bicycle tube, an individual set of tools and spare parts, an oiler, a bicycle computer, a case for transporting a bicycle, a cover to protect the saddle and computer from rain, a flask, a bicycle backpack or saddlebags in combination with a regular backpack, bike bags for the front trunk, a bike bag for the handlebars, elastic bands for securing cargo, protective covers to protect the bike backpack from rain, a bike light, a cable lock, a bike shirt, a bike jersey, bike shorts, bike leggings (for cold weather), a bike helmet, bike gloves, bike shoes, spare pedals , headlight, rear flasher, bottle cage, bicycle lock.
Your bike tour, your new adventure in life, will be special and unlike anything you may have read about or heard about from other travelers. Small difficulties along the way that can happen to anyone will be remembered with special trepidation and warmth, like the brightest moments.
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