Basic set of hand-to-hand combat techniques (RB-1)
For military personnel of all branches of the Armed Forces and branches of the military. Includes techniques provided by the RB-N complex and additionally the following techniques: blow with a butt from below, blow with the butt plate of a butt, piercing and cutting blows with a knife, protection with a machine gun stand, hand strikes (straight, from the side, from above, from below), kicks (straight, to the side , from the side, back, from above), protection with the support of the hands, protection by beating with the forearms (edge of the palm), protection with the support of the foot (heel, thigh), disarming the enemy when striking with a knife directly, from above, from below, release from the neck grab from the front and back, strangulation from behind , combinations of techniques and actions.
Special set of hand-to-hand combat techniques (RB-2)
For personnel of airborne troops, motorized rifle units and units, units and units of the Marine Corps, personnel of anti-sabotage formations, reconnaissance units and units, cadets of military schools and academies. Includes the techniques provided by the RB-1 complex and additionally the following techniques: blows with an infantry shovel, defense by beating with an infantry shovel, defense against a kick by moving to the side, disarming the enemy when hit with an infantry shovel from above or directly, backhand or poke.
Special set of hand-to-hand combat techniques (RB-3)
In NFP-87 and in the draft of the new NFP for personnel of reconnaissance units and units, cadets of military schools training officers for these units and units. Includes techniques provided by the RB-2 complex and additionally: painful holds, throws, disarming techniques, releases from various enemy holds, special techniques and actions.
Unfortunately, such special actions as searching and tying up the enemy are not included in the training program for military personnel of electronic warfare units, although these actions can be taught in one training session. Considering the importance of tying and searching in hand-to-hand combat, the manual reveals in detail the technique for performing them.
Chapter II
TECHNIQUES FOR PERFORMING HAND-HAND COMBAT TECHNIQUES AND METHODS FOR TEACHING THEM
Preparatory techniques and teaching methods
Preparatory techniques are certain actions that ensure high-quality training of military personnel for hand-to-hand combat. They include preparations for combat, movement, and self-insurance techniques.
Preparing for battle
Ready for battle is the most convenient position for conducting hand-to-hand combat with the enemy. It can be taken without weapons or with weapons.
To prepare for combat without weapons(Fig. 1) place your left leg one step forward and slightly bend both legs at the knees. Distribute your body weight evenly on two legs, tilt your torso slightly forward, bend your arms at the elbow joints, clench your fingers into a fist, tilt your head slightly forward. The right-hand preparation for battle is adopted similarly.
Rice. 1
To prepare for combat with weapons(Fig. 2) the position of the head, torso and legs is taken as preparation for combat without weapons. In this case, send the machine gun forward with the barrel and grab it with your left hand by the fore-end, and with your right hand by the neck of the butt. Keep the tip of the bayonet at neck height, with your right hand in front of the belt buckle.
To prepare for battle with an infantry shovel Bring your half-bent right hand with the shovel to the level of your left shoulder. Hold the shovel by the end of the handle with the tray facing up.
To prepare for a fight with a knife, take the knife in your right hand with the tip down, for a blow from above - the hand at chest height, for a blow from below - with the tip up, for a thrusting blow - with the tip forward, the hand at waist height, legs in a right-handed stance.
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Rice. 2
Movement
Skillful execution of movements in hand-to-hand combat plays an important role in the timely adoption of the necessary combat position, starting position for attack or defense. Movements are performed by walking, jumping and running.
Step forward from the ready-to-fight position, it is performed with the front leg, the other leg is substituted at a distance that allows you to maintain a stable position of the body.
Step back performed with a standing leg from behind, from the toe to the entire foot.
Leap in progress from the front (right, left) or side (forward, backward) stance due to a sharp push off the ground with the far leg relative to the direction of the jump. Landing is carried out on the opposite leg, or on both legs. It is possible to jump backward with an almost simultaneous push with both legs and landing on both feet.
Jumping is the most effective way to get closer to an enemy or quickly move away from him.
Self-insurance techniques
Falling and tuck techniques that provide warning against bruises on the ground after throws, collisions, and painful holds in single combat with an opponent are called self-insurance techniques.
Grouping(Fig. 3) one of the main preparatory elements of self-insurance. Sit on the ground (carpet) and clasp your shins with both hands, spread your knees slightly, place your heels together, bend your body, lower your head, pressing your chin to your chest. Pulling your shins with your hands, bring your torso closer to your hips.
Fig.4
Fig.5
Falling forward(Fig. 6) From the front stand, fall forward onto your springy (due to the inferior work of the muscles) arms, slightly bent and elbows spread to the side.
Rice. 7
Falling backwards(Fig. 8) From the front stance, squatting and falling back, roll onto your back, softening your fall with a simultaneous pre-emptive blow to the ground with straight arms spread at an angle of 45 0.
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Rice. 8
Fall to one side (Fig. 9) From the front stance, squatting and simultaneously twisting the body to the right (left), lower yourself to the ground with your right (left) buttock and roll in a tuck onto your right (left) side, having previously made a preemptive move with your straightened right (left) arm, and then with the right (left) thigh. Final position – lying on the right side; the right leg is bent at the knee and hip joint, the left leg stands in front of it with the entire foot, the lower leg is vertical; right hand on the ground, palm down, 15-25 cm from the knee; the left hand is raised up, the head is pressed to it.
Fig.10
Injections and blows with a machine gun
A thrust is one of the main methods of defeating an enemy in hand-to-hand combat. It is applied to parts of the body unprotected by equipment (neck, chest, stomach, back, side) quickly, deftly, forcefully and along the entire length of the bayonet.
Injections with a bayonet (poke with a barrel) without lunging(Fig. 11) - point the machine gun with both hands with the bayonet (barrel) at the target, pull out the bayonet and take the ready position for battle.
Hit with a magazine(Fig. 14) – applied with a sharp movement of the arms (automatically forward) away from oneself while simultaneously moving the body forward and straightening the leg standing behind.
Fig.14
Butt strike from the side(Fig. 15) – applied with a sharp angle of the butt to the jaw, temple, back of the head or side of the enemy. Moving the weapon with your right hand to the left, and with your left hand towards you, while simultaneously turning your torso to the left, strike with the corner of the butt. At the moment of impact, the right leg can be placed slightly ahead of the left.
Rice. 16
Fig.17
Fig.18
Table 5.
Unarmed assault techniques include: punches, kicks, chokes, submission holds and throws.
Straight punches(Fig. 19) are applied with a fist or the heel of the palm; from the ready-to-fight position, push the leg to transfer the weight of the body to the front leg and, with a turn of the body, strike.
Hand strikes from the side, from below, from above(Fig. 20) are applied with a fist (the base of the fingers and the muscle part), the edge of the palm and the elbow.
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Fig.19
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Rice. 20
Basic striking parts of the hands
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Kicks applied with the toe, instep, knee, foot, heel to the shin, knee joint, groin, liver area, head of the bent opponent. A lying opponent is struck in the head, base of the skull, lower back, tailbone, liver, solar plexus, heart, groin.
Kick straight(Fig. 21) is the main kick performed. It is applied from a left- or right-sided stance (less often a frontal one) by straightening the leg or swinging movement. Raising the thigh of the right leg forward upward (the foot is raised up with the heel towards the buttock), with a sharp movement, straighten the leg at the knee joint and strike the target with the toe (instep).
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At the moment of impact, tense the abdominal and front thigh muscles as much as possible. The supporting leg is slightly bent; at the moment of impact, the foot does not lift off the ground, but turns on the toe with the heel forward. The arms, bent at the elbows, are sharply pulled back to intensify the blow. After the impact, the muscles immediately relax and the leg moves back.
Rice. 21
Side kick(Fig. 22) is applied from a medium and long distance with the foot, the outer edge of the foot and the heel to the shin, knee joint, stomach and lower back. The most effective blow to the knee joint is with the foot from the side.
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From a fighting stance, pull the thigh up, the sole of the foot rises along the inner surface of the left leg to the knee. Turning the thigh, knee in the direction of the target and straightening the leg at the knee joint, strike in the shin with the edge of the foot, or in the knee from the side - with a punching blow of the foot, or in the hypochondrium (stomach) - with the heel (pull the toe towards you). At the moment of the blow, tense the leg muscles, slightly tilt the torso in the direction opposite to the blow, direct the arm of the same name (simultaneously with the movement of the leg) towards the target, lower the other arm closer to the groin in readiness to block a possible counter-strike. After the blow, relax the muscles and immediately get ready for battle.
Rice. 22
Hitting with the foot or heel from above(Fig. 23) are applied to the upper arch of the foot, to the shin - when the opponent grabs the torso from behind, to a lying opponent (after a throw) - from a short swing with sharp blows to the painful points.
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Rice. 23
Knee strike from below applied when releasing grips from the front of the body. Without swinging, strike a bent opponent in the groin or face.
Back kick(Fig. 24) is applied with the foot, usually to the stomach of the attacking enemy. From a fighting left-sided stance, bend slightly forward, pull your right thigh to your chest and look back over your right shoulder, straighten your leg at the knee joint and hip joint with a sharp movement, and strike the opponent’s stomach with your foot.
Rice. 25
Fig.26
Hitting up with a machine gun(Fig. 27) is carried out with a sharp movement of both hands forward and upward without changing the grip of the machine gun with the left hand. At the moment of impact, the arms are tense, slightly bent, and the machine gun is turned with the magazine up.
Hitting the machine gun down to the right(Fig. 27) is performed by thrusting a weapon into the lower part of the body. Moving your left hand down to the right, and your right hand to the right, up, hit the weapon down to the right with the end of the barrel. At the moment of impact, the left arm is slightly bent, the machine gun is pointed to the right, the bayonet is at the height of the right knee, the right elbow is raised.
Fig.28
Rice. 29
Release from the capture of a machine gun by the enemy(Fig. 31) kick the enemy in the groin, turn sideways to the enemy and, kicking the knee (shin), snatch the weapon.
Rice. 33
Protection from a punch from below(Fig. 34) First method: performed with a stand (block) of the forearm of the left hand, followed by counter-strikes with the right hand to the head, the right knee to the groin or the rib of the foot to the shin (knee).
Rice. 34
Kick protection
Protection from underhand kicks(Fig. 35) is performed by placing the foot (hip) under the blow, after which a counter blow is delivered with the hand to the opponent’s head or torso.
Protection from kicks with a hand rest(Fig. 36) - meet the opponent’s leg with the forearms of straight crossed arms (when striking with the right leg, the right hand is on top), grab it by the heel with the right hand, bringing the foot into the elbow bend of the left hand, throw the opponent to the ground with a jerk upward, strike with the foot , step on the other foot and twist the trapped leg.
Fig.37
Defense against a kick by moving to the side(Fig. 38) when hitting the enemy with the right foot, step forward with the left to the left, turn to the right and grab the leg from below with your left hand. Raising it up, knock the opponent to the ground and kick.
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Fig.39
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Releasing an opponent's grip on the neck from the front(Fig. 40) Kick the opponent’s crotch (shin, foot), joining his fists together and spreading his elbows to the sides, strike from the bottom up between the opponent’s arms. The upward movement of the arms should coincide with the active extension of the leg muscles. With a reverse movement of the arms from top to bottom, hit the opponent in the face or on the collarbones, and then, grabbing the clothes and pulling them onto yourself, hit him with the head in the face.
Fig.40
Training in unarmed defense techniques
Training in defense against punches and kicks is carried out using a group two-way method. A unit in a two-rank formation, one rank acts as the attacking enemy, the other rank acts as the defender.
After familiarization, the technique is learned in divisions: “For battle - PREPARE”, “On the count of “one”, the first numbers indicate a strike with the right foot in the lower abdomen, the second numbers, step with the left foot to the left forward, turn to the right and grab the leg from below with your left hand, do - ONCE " The leader must point out individual details, correct mistakes and give the command: “On the count of two, lift your leg up and knock the opponent to the ground, do TWO,” “On the count of three, mark a kick to the opponent, do THREE.”
In the process of mastering the technique, the technique of its implementation is no longer explained, but the command is given: “For battle - PREPARE, the first numbers perform defense against a kick by moving to the side, the second numbers - kick - KICK!”
As you master the technique of the technique, it is necessary to combine its implementation with other already mastered attacking or defensive actions and carry them out in the form of conditioned fights, while all actions of the partner must only be indicated, which is an indispensable condition that excludes traumatic injuries for those involved.
Techniques for disarming the enemy and teaching methods for them
In hand-to-hand combat, a situation may arise when an unarmed person has to act against an armed enemy.
Based on the position of the weapon and the nature of the enemy’s actions, one can determine his intentions and carry out a timely disarmament technique. As a rule, success will depend on an appropriate distance from the enemy, timely departure from the line of attack (if necessary), immediate subsequent strikes with a hand or foot, and the obligatory deprivation of his contact with the weapon. When disarming the enemy, it is necessary to use the inertia of his body’s movement to your advantage, correctly applying painful effects to the joints of the arms and legs.
Disarming techniques are divided into the following groups: techniques for disarming the enemy when stabbed with a bayonet, techniques for disarming the enemy when hit with an infantry shovel, techniques for disarming the enemy when stabbed with a knife, or threatened with a pistol.
Fig.41
Disarming the enemy when thrusting with a bayonet and moving to the right(Fig.42) – lunge with your right foot to the side, simultaneously turning your body to the left. Repel (retract) the barrel of the enemy's machine gun with the forearm of your left hand and grab it. Shift your body weight to your left leg, grab the weapon with your other hand and, at the same time as jerking the machine gun towards you, strike yourself with your foot in the side of your knee. Knock the enemy to the ground, strike him in the head with the butt plate of the butt, or point the barrel of the weapon at him.
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Fig.43
Disarming the enemy when hit with an infantry shovel backhand or poke(Fig. 44) with a step forward to the side and turning towards the enemy, use your forearms to beat off the enemy’s armed hand on the backswing and grab it, strike with your foot, grab the handle of the shovel, disarm the enemy by twisting the shovel towards the thumb and strike the enemy on the head with the shovel.
All infantry shovel strikes have a greater or lesser swing. Therefore, to protect against such attacks, it is necessary to perform a leap towards the enemy in order to stop the blow at the very beginning of its trajectory. Or try to avoid defeat by moving quickly to the side from the line of attack.
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Fig.44
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Disarming an enemy when struck with a knife from above(Fig. 45) with a step forward, defend yourself with the forearm of your hand up under the blow of the enemy’s armed hand on the backswing, with the other hand grab his forearm from below in the area of the elbow, kick him in the groin, pressing the forearm on the flat part of the blade outward, to disarm him. If necessary, applying pressure to the elbow, step back with your left foot to knock down the opponent, turn him face down, bend his arm behind his back and tie him up.
Fig.45
Disarming an enemy when striking with a knife from below or directly(Fig. 46) with a short step or leap forward to the left, leave the line of attack, block the enemy’s armed hand with the forearm of the left hand and grab his wrist. Immediately strike the painful point with your hand, move your armed hand away from you to the right and hit the back of the opponent’s hand with the base of your right palm to knock out the knife. Next, knock the enemy to the ground and tie him up.
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Fig.46
Binding
Tying is used to limit the resistance of a captured enemy, for his escort and transportation. Tying is carried out, as a rule, after painful holds and throws. To do this, you need to knock the enemy face down to the ground. Kneel down and, tightly blocking the captured hand with your right thigh, sit astride your opponent. By applying painful pressure to the forearm of the captured hand, force the opponent to place the other hand behind his back. Blocking it with your left thigh, tie your hands.
arms behind your back, hands on top of each other;
Hands behind the head, hands crossed, the free end of the loop is tied to the waist belt.
Fig.48
For tying with rope(Fig. 49) a double tightening loop is used.
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Fig.49
Linking options(Fig. 50)
Hands behind your back, hands crossed, rope passes through the neck or chest;
Hands behind your back, one on top, the other below;
Arms crossed on chest, hands behind back.
Fig.50
Binding with a trouser belt or rope for a fixed position. Knock your opponent face down on the ground. Bend your legs and cross them, put your hands behind your back and tie your right hand to your left leg, your left hand to your right leg.
To hinder the enemy's mobility, improvised means, for example, a stick, can be used. In this case, it is necessary to insert a stick into the sleeves of the jacket behind the prisoner’s back and tie the wrists of the hands to it, or tie the enemy’s hands in front and insert the stick into the elbow and popliteal folds of the arms and legs tied in front.
Army hand-to-hand combat of the Airborne Forces
In modern society, every person, young and old, needs to be able to at least to some extent protect themselves from outside influences. After all, it is unknown who you will encounter, for example, while walking in the park. The guy is obliged to stand up for his lady and protect her in difficult moments, which can arise in any situation. Yes, of course, internal troops and police protect our peace, but they will not always be able to come to the rescue promptly.
There are many different sections in which you will be taught the basics of hand-to-hand combat. You will be able to repel attacks by criminal elements with ease. But of course, nothing compares to the training of airborne troops. Hand-to-hand combat of airborne special forces is a completely different level, which you will never be able to reach on your own. In order to comprehend this art, you will have to join the ranks of the airborne troops, because in battle not only strength qualities are important, but also moral endurance, which you can easily gain during the service.
Meanwhile, hand-to-hand combat was studied at the end of the 19th century; it was mandatory for low military ranks. Subsequently, its importance increased and each soldier was required to have a certain set of skills that would help him cope with the enemy when meeting face to face. Currently, this aspect of soldier training is just as important.
Hand-to-hand combat techniques of paratroopers
On the Internet, you can now easily find many videos depicting hand-to-hand combat lessons of the Airborne Forces. It won’t be difficult to learn many techniques and try them yourself. This video shows some remarkable moments from hand-to-hand combat of the Airborne Forces.
The hand-to-hand combat techniques of the Airborne Forces are perfectly demonstrated in this video, but this is only one of many behind-the-scenes filming. You can always discover many more different complexes. If you set yourself a goal, then learning simple hand-to-hand combat techniques will not be difficult for you.
You can watch hand-to-hand combat of the Airborne Forces on many portals. You can find especially a lot of this video on specialized sites dedicated to airborne troops. In addition to short videos, you can also find entire films teaching hand-to-hand combat.
Without a doubt, even if you have not served in airborne units and do not plan to serve there, you can study army hand-to-hand combat of the airborne forces in specialized sports sections. Nowadays, many proposals on this topic can be easily found in any newspaper with advertisements. Often these lessons are taught by former paratroopers who have completed a full course of training in their units, and some have been in combat situations. So feel free to go to this section and we are sure. That you will acquire skills that will undoubtedly help you in the harsh modern life.
Airborne Forces hand-to-hand combat complexes: video materials
For a true paratrooper, being able to fight the enemy in close combat is a priority. When the outcome of a battle is decided in a split second, complex and important decisions must be made at lightning speed. All this is undoubtedly taught in military units of the Airborne Forces. Not everyone can endure all victories and defeats with dignity. But, without a doubt, a strong-willed paratrooper can do it. He will undoubtedly learn a lesson from any defeat and work on his mistakes in order to prevent these mistakes in the future.
Such a soldier will constantly study airborne hand-to-hand combat techniques, because there is no limit to perfection. This phrase should remind a real paratrooper for a long time that he should never forget about training. Self-study with video recordings will help him stay in shape. Watching hand-to-hand combat and absorbing the knowledge gained in the video is for real men who strive for improvement.
It is probably very difficult to choose a hand-to-hand combat complex suitable for an ordinary person, because the World Wide Web offers us many different activities to study. In order to select exercises and techniques for you, we advise you to contact competent specialists who will select a training schedule for you. Don’t be afraid, you will succeed, the main thing is to start practicing in any business, and then you will get involved and won’t even notice how you will master many interesting hand-to-hand combat techniques.
We hope that after reading everything above, you will contact some section for hand-to-hand combat training, or yourself study various technologies of army hand-to-hand combat of the Airborne Forces. Believe me, these skills will definitely be useful to you sooner or later. Of course, we hope that in peacetime, and not during hostilities. The main thing is to remain calm and not provoke violence yourself, but only use the acquired skills for self-defense.
"Remember, the main technique of hand-to-hand combat: First, throw a grenade at the enemy..." Hand-to-hand instructor, head of physical training RDP
Perhaps the main secret of the Airborne Forces hand-to-hand combat style is that... there were no “secrets”! There are no and never have been any terrible special strikes at super-secret points, no “Touches of Deferred Death” or other super-exotics... So, are the paratroopers and special forces lying when they claim that the “Beret” can cope in a fight with several opponents? -No! They don't lie! It will do it and it will be very EFFECTIVE! But, if you film this fight and then show it at normal speed, then 9/10 of the audience will simply not understand anything about what is happening, and half will be disappointed and perplexed: why do they fall so easily? What's the matter?
I would like to clarify right away that I am not talking here about the hand-to-hand combat of the “Spetsura”, especially officer units such as “Vympel”, “Alpha” and “Cascade”, especially those designed for the forceful detention of living languages or criminals! - it has its own specifics and without knowing I will not even speak! And about the hand-to-hand combat training of ordinary airborne forces (Uncle Vasya’s troops). Once in one book I came across the following reasoning, I quote in a free paraphrase: “No matter how cynical it sounds, everything has its price, and a soldier’s life, especially.” This price is the price of training a new soldier to replace one who is out of action. After all, no matter how skillful a fighter is, this will not save him from either a crossbow bolt or, what’s more offensive, from bloody diarrhea”... Rough, but fair...
I don’t want to say anything bad about eastern martial arts schools, but... It is impossible to prepare a real person in six months or a year using training methods of Karate, Taekwondo, Taijiquan and so on! In six months, at best, he will learn two or three basic stances, and the ability to breathe more or less correctly in a stance, and not in battle! In real hand-to-hand combat, such a fighter poses a danger to only one person - himself! Only after five to seven years of daily painstaking hours of training will he begin to understand that he has only just gotten closer to mastering the basics! You understand, preparing SOLDIERS in this way is pointless! There simply aren’t these five to seven years to train even a semi-finished fighter!
As a person who participated (and SURVIVED!) after three real hand-to-hand combat battles, let me note! that the Airborne Forces hand-to-hand combat school and training system still exist! AND IT IS EFFECTIVE! What are the basic principles of fighter training? We must also take into account that in addition to Fizukha, there is also daily service! Shooting training, combat specialty training, combat training (for that matter), outfits and guard duty, and so on and so forth! But the system has proven its effectiveness, so what does it consist of, this system of training a hand-to-hand paratrooper? I'll try to answer...
The entire system of hand-to-hand combat training of the Airborne Forces is based on three pillars, each component is important; and the question makes no sense - which! These are Psychological training, Physical training and a set of basic hand-to-hand combat techniques. Let's look at them one by one. So, psychological preparation. It includes bringing it to the level of the subconscious, to the conditioned reflex: battle is NOT a competition! It is impossible to WIN OR LOSE! In battle you can either WIN or die! there is no third option, as they say... No one will shake your hand before a fight or make a ritual bow. They will try to kill you right away, and by all means available at the moment! The preparation was carried out quite simply, but effectively, no one conducted conversations or psychological tests with us - they simply beat us! Not to defeat, but in such a way that it didn’t seem like enough! Let me emphasize! They didn't BEAT, they beat! Feel the difference! You could get a slap or be caught in a chokehold at any moment: while talking with an officer, standing on the orderly’s nightstand, just passing through the unit. Avoiding a blow or grab has been improved! The answer is even more so! Although, to be fair, it’s worth saying that rarely anyone has succeeded! They say that such a system was introduced into the practice of the Airborne Forces by their commander, the legendary V.F. Margelov - I don’t know, but if this is so, then I bow to him for it! SUCH a training system saved the lives of many in real wars, and me too... I still, although more than thirty years have passed, simply physically cannot go around the corner of the building close to it, I walk around in three or four steps... Constant pressure , in which, by the way, there was nothing personal, because the grandfather received the same as the young man, he developed the skill of constant vigilance, the ability to not relax even in sleep, some kind of sixth sense of danger...
Physical training in the Airborne Forces does not require any special comments. Endurance training - running in different conditions, goose-stepping, alternating accelerations, ragged rhythm... strength training - pull-ups, push-ups of various types, squats, jumping... pumping the press again in different ways. All this - “I can’t help it” until it’s completely dark in my eyes... There’s still enough groundwork, although the DMB-77... As for the basic hand-to-hand techniques, here we need to decipher... Not for airborne forces and special forces - they’re all they know it too! For fans of films like Rimbaud... This is training in BASIC techniques, not "MOVEMENTS", and quite individual... Some people prefer throwing, some prefer striking, some chokeholds or techniques for breaking ligaments and fractures joints - closer. The basics were given to everyone, then the development of stereotypes, bringing the movement to the level of a knee-jerk reflex - in battle there is no time to think, the body reacts on its own, the thought does not have time! The blows were practiced on various kinds of simulators such as makiwara and punching bag, throws were done with each other, VERY CAREFULLY AND NOT AT FULL POWER, also applied to various types of painful and suffocating techniques. Moreover, after mastering the basic movements, everyone trained themselves! No combat sparring in real life, with one exception, about which below... After all, an attempt to carry out, for example, in sparring conditions, an elbow strike to the Adam's apple for one of the fighters may well be the last... And I would also note, no BALLET in the spirit of Van -Lady and Chuck Norris! Legs work up to the knee, not higher! The front part of the lower leg and ankle, the inner surface of the lower leg. Knee strike to the crotch and inner thigh. The elbow is mainly used to finish off an opponent who has already lost his orientation. Everything is simple and ineffective, ugly... BUT EFFECTIVE!
Now about the exception: About once every two weeks they put a boxing helmet on you, and they let you out to kill four or five people, old-timers or officers. Not right away, one by one. I had to hold out for five minutes... The first time, as far as I remember, no one succeeded... The first time I went to rest at the tenth second, having missed a powerful straight shot to the head... In a real fight, the result would have been my death, because I stood up I only ten minutes later... On the third attempt I received gratitude in the order for the unit, because I managed to “put in the ring” the deputy commander of the regiment. The captain, by the way, was not offended by me, and was the first to come to his senses and shook my hand. At the same time, he said: “I stopped classes... I need to work”... We didn’t kill rats with our bare hands... but everything is the same, the readiness to fight, at any second of the day or night, not for life or death, was absorbed into the flesh and blood, into the bone marrow... That, in general, is all the “Terrible Military Secrets” that I am about to tell you...
The Airborne Forces of the Russian Federation are one of those branches of the military where they know better than anyone about traditions, morality and physical strength. Vasily Filippovich Margelov - the legendary founder of the airborne troops, "BATYA" - as the paratroopers themselves call him - at the dawn of the winged infantry, he laid down the basic principles and standards for those who aspired to serve in an army capable of marching across Europe in a week.
It was in the Soviet Union that by the mid-80s, 14 separate brigades, two separate regiments and about 20 separate battalions in blue berets were formed. One brigade corresponded to a separate military district, in which a special instructor monitored the physical fitness of the fighters in each company.
The standards for enlisting in the Airborne Forces of the Soviet Union were, if not sports, then certainly near-sports - pull-ups 20 times, 100-meter run, 10-kilometer marathon run, push-ups - at least 50 times. The morning hour of physical training for Soviet paratroopers was generally different from almost all branches of the military - there were jumps, jumps with a 360-degree turn, pull-ups and, of course, push-ups.
In the Russian army under Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu, the Soviet direction of physical training of paratroopers began to grow qualitatively. The requirements for those entering service in the Russian airborne forces, although somewhat softer than in the Soviet Union, are only the minimum required to obtain a pass and the opportunity to serve among the best conscripts in the country.
To join the Airborne Forces, you must have a weight of 75 to 85 kg and a height of 175 to 190 centimeters. If height is a value that cannot be influenced, then if you have a strong desire to serve in the Airborne Forces, it is advisable to lose excess weight. Such strict selection criteria are determined by the specifics of the service, because most special forces are selected with the wording “Fit for service in the airborne forces.” General health is an equally important factor that directly affects whether a conscript will serve in the Airborne Forces or not.
Smoking, heart disease, addiction to alcohol - the conscript should be deprived of all this in principle, so that the draft commission does not have questions during the examination. Heavy physical activity for people who smoke and have bad habits in general, according to the military, is categorically contraindicated.
The Airborne Forces pay special attention to vision - even a slight deterioration can be a reason for refusal to enroll in this branch of the military. In addition to almost absolute health, after a conscript is enlisted in the Airborne Forces, it is also necessary to have endurance, since about 20% of conscripts after enlistment cannot cope with the standard loads and can be sent to serve in other branches of the military.
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MARINES
“Marines” are some of the most trained and physically strong guys in Russia. Interservice competitions, military shows and other events where it is necessary to demonstrate the level of physical strength have traditionally not been complete without representatives of the Marine Corps.
In addition to general physical “strength,” a potential “Marine” must have: height from 175 cm, weight up to 80 kg, not be registered with psychiatric, drug treatment and other dispensaries both at the place of registration and at the place of residence, and it is also advisable to have one from sports categories. The rule of having sporting achievements also works in the Airborne Forces, however, according to established tradition, it is in the Marine Corps that conscript athletes are given increased attention and are assigned the most important tasks.
“The essence of this tactic is that the conscript athlete does not need to be inspired and instilled with a sense of responsibility and discipline. Athletes who have serious achievements, as a rule, are already disciplined people and they do not need additional motivation in this regard,” Viktor Kalanchin, deputy head of the draft commission of one of the capital’s military registration and enlistment offices, said in an interview with Zvezda.
Also, it is in the Marine Corps that special attention is paid to conscripts who have certain technical knowledge: radio engineering, electronics, computing devices. Such qualities help to prepare for a military specialty directly during military service and will subsequently provide serious assistance when entering service under a contract.
As for the physical requirements necessary for service in the Russian Marine Corps, everything is simple - excellent health according to category A, the ability to do at least 10-12 pull-ups and the absence of chronic diseases. The rest, according to the military, will be consistently and diligently taught to the conscript.
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SPECIAL FORCES
People performing special tasks are subject to special requirements. It should be remembered, however, that special forces, whatever it may be, is not combined arms training, but hard and daily work, which not everyone can cope with. However, it is precisely with the offer to serve in special forces that conscripts are “approached” precisely after, or even during, service in the airborne forces or marine corps.
In any case, according to military commissars, the percentage of conscripts from these types of troops into special forces is the highest. The rules of standard training (both physical and psychological) do not work in special forces. Here, every fighter is made into a universal soldier, capable of doing everything and doing it well.
Running, pull-ups, grueling forced marches at distances three times greater than usual in the army - all this is present in abundance in the training of a special forces soldier. However, there are differences between special forces and special forces, and each special forces unit has its own specifics.
The special forces of the Main Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff and the special forces of the FSB stand apart among special units: 20, or even all 30 pull-ups, 30 push-ups on uneven bars, running a distance of a thousand meters in three minutes - this is not a complete list of what needs to be done, to begin to be considered as a candidate for service in the best special forces units in Russia.
Andrei Vasiliev, an instructor of one of the Moscow rapid response units, in an interview with Zvezda, said that physical activity is the least important thing that people who want to serve in special forces will have to face:
“In reconnaissance, in addition to endurance and physical fitness, intelligence is also important. Therefore, analytical thinking, the ability to quickly make certain decisions that will allow you to effectively complete a task, is no less important than, for example, physical strength. The main attention in such things is paid to people who, before serving in the army, received a higher education in some technical specialty. I know for sure that such people have been and are being shown increased attention.
One of the most serious tests for those who want to test their physical and psychological abilities can be the exam for the right to wear a “maroon” beret. It is this insignia of the special forces of the internal troops that is the best proof of the “professional suitability” of a fighter. Not everyone passes the grueling test, which includes an almost marathon forced march, an obstacle course, and hand-to-hand combat with an instructor.
According to statistics, only 20-30% of examinees pass the test. Contrary to popular belief, the exam for the right to wear a “maroon” beret does not end with physical activity.
The basics of shooting skills against the background of severe fatigue, the basics of storming a building using special equipment, high-speed shooting - all this is included in the mandatory list of tests for those who want to devote their lives to special forces. The set of rules, both for army units and for special forces units, says one thing - service for the benefit of the Fatherland is not a vacation.
This is hard, difficult and truly masculine work, requiring absolute physical health and serious mental abilities. It is the combination of these qualities that allows yesterday’s ordinary guys to join the elite troops, and those who have served or are serving to improve their professional skills and move up the ladder of military service.
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Primary selection in the FSB
The selection system for special forces is carried out in several stages. To serve in the special forces of the Special Purpose Center of the FSB of Russia, as a rule, officers and warrant officers are selected, as well as cadets of military schools as candidates for officer positions. Ninety-seven percent of special forces positions are officer positions, and only three percent are warrant officer positions. Accordingly, an officer must have a higher education, and a warrant officer must have at least secondary education.
Warrant officers are usually assigned to the positions of drivers and instructors.
Firstly, a candidate for special forces must be recommended either by a current TsSN employee, or by someone who previously served in Alpha or Vympel. There is also a selection from cadets from universities of the Ministry of Defense or from border institutes. Preference is given to those who are already studying at the special forces department, which is located at the Novosibirsk Higher Combined Arms Command School. The selection of guys from the Moscow Higher Educational Institution is also underway. Center employees come to these educational institutions and carry out the initial selection. First, the cadets' personal files are examined, and then potential candidates are interviewed.
There is one serious physical limitation for candidates - height must be at least 175 centimeters. This is due to the fact that during operations, employees often use heavy armored shields of impressive dimensions. For short employees, these protective equipment simply drag on the ground. An exception may be made for a candidate whose professional merits outweigh his lack of height.
Another limitation is age. The candidate must be no older than 28 years of age. True, an exception may be made for those who come to the TsSN from other law enforcement agencies and have combat experience.
The requirements for employees of Directorate A and Directorate B are slightly different. In Directorate “A” they are slightly higher.
Physical testing is divided into two stages, which take place on the same day. During the first, candidates pass physical training standards, followed by sparring in hand-to-hand combat.
The candidate arrives at the “facility” and changes into sportswear for the season. He must run a distance of three kilometers in 10 minutes 30 seconds. After the finish, he is given 5 minutes to rest, and then his sprinting qualities are tested in overcoming the hundred-meter race against the clock. The qualifying result is about 12 seconds. Then, with a light jog, you need to go up to the gym, where the crossbar awaits the candidate. The candidate for Directorate “A” is required to do 25 pull-ups, and for Directorate “B” - 20. Here and below, after each exercise, 3 minutes of rest are given between exercises.
Next, you need to perform 90 flexions and extensions of the torso in two minutes. This is followed by push-ups from the floor. The test for Control “A” is 90 times, for Control “B” - 75. Sometimes push-ups can be replaced with push-ups on uneven bars. In this case, the required amount is 30 times. The execution time is not strictly limited, but the candidate is not allowed to rest during execution. They also monitor quite strictly how the exercise is performed. If a candidate, in the opinion of the receiving employee, does not perform this or that exercise clearly, it will not be counted towards him.
After this, the candidate is asked to perform a complex strength exercise. For “A” and “B” - 7 and 5 times, respectively. A complex exercise includes 15 push-ups from the floor, 15 flexions and extensions of the torso (testing the abdominals), then 15 times moving from the “crouched” position to the “lying position” and back, then 15 jumps from the “crouched” position up. Each exercise is given 10 seconds. The described cycle is a one-time execution of a complex exercise. There is no rest break between each exercise. Sometimes in Directorate “A” it is suggested to perform an endurance test - jump up 100 times.
Hand to hand combat
HAVING COMPLETED the physical testing, the candidate rests for 3 minutes, after which, putting on protection on his legs, groin, helmet on his head, gloves on his hands, he goes out to wrestle
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Admission to the riot police
General requirements: a man aged 18 to 35 years, education must be at least secondary, completed compulsory service in the military forces of the Russian Federation, characteristics from the army or from the place of work must be ideal, no criminal record, ideal health, excellent physical fitness.
However, even if the candidate meets all the above requirements, joining the riot police will not be so easy.
Stages of joining the OMON service:
1. Visit to the personnel department of the police department at the place of registration. They will inform you about all the rules for admission to the service. It is necessary to provide the HR department with a completed application form (the form will be issued), photographs of the established sample, a reference from the place of work or from the place of military service, educational documents, and an identity document. Based on the results of checking the documents submitted to the OK, they will issue a referral to undergo a military medical commission (MMC), a referral to the Center for Psychological Diagnostics (CPD), and a referral to a physical fitness exam.
2. Before undergoing the VVC and CPD, it is necessary to undergo a series of medical tests, pass numerous tests for all kinds of infections, and also provide certificates from narcological, psychiatric, and tuberculosis dispensaries. Moreover, all analyzes and certificates are paid. The approximate total cost is 5-7 thousand rubles.
3. Joining the riot police is an extremely difficult task. To successfully pass the IVC, the candidate must be:
Height – at least 170 cm;
The minimum visual acuity for distance is 0.6 diopters for each eye; acceptable myopia is 0.75 diopters per eye, farsightedness is 2.0 diopters per eye. The presence of non-structural scoliosis up to 8 degrees according to the Instructions does not prevent service in the police department. Candidates with fitness category B on a military ID (fit for service with minor restrictions) when passing the Military Military Commission are recognized as unfit for service in the riot police.
Impact technique;
Fight in clothes;
Mixed style.
The main task of the candidate is to show not so much tactical and technical preparedness, but activity and initiative.
A candidate who has passed all the above tests is enlisted in the riot police.
"Remember, the main technique of hand-to-hand combat: first, throw a grenade at the enemy..." - from the manual of the hand-to-hand combat instructor, the head of physical training of the parachute airborne regiment (PDR).
Perhaps the main secret of the Airborne Forces hand-to-hand combat style is that... there were no secrets! There are no and never have been any terrible special strikes at super-secret points, no “delayed death touches” or other super-exotics... So, are the paratroopers and special forces lying when they claim that the Beret can cope in a fight with several opponents? - No! They don't lie! It will do it and it will be very EFFECTIVE!
But if you film this fight and then show it at normal speed, then 9 out of 10 viewers simply will not understand anything about what is happening, and half will be disappointed and perplexed: why do they fall so easily? What's the matter?
I want to clarify right away - I’m not talking about the hand-to-hand combat of “special forces”, especially officer units such as “Vympel”, “Alpha” and “Cascade”, especially those designed for the forceful detention of living languages or criminals! — it has its own specifics and I won’t even talk about it without knowing! I'm talking about hand-to-hand combat training of conventional airborne forces (Uncle Vasya's troops). Once in one book I came across the following reasoning, I quote in a free paraphrase: “ No matter how cynical it sounds, everything has its price, and a soldier’s life even more so. This price is the cost of training a new soldier to replace one who is out of action. After all, no matter how skilled a fighter is, this will not protect him from either a crossbow bolt or, what’s more offensive, from bloody diarrhea"... Rough, but fair...
I don’t want to say anything bad about eastern martial arts schools, but... It’s impossible to prepare a real person in six months or a year using training methods of karate, taekwondo, taijiquan, and so on! In six months, at best, he will learn two or three basic stances, and the ability to breathe more or less correctly in a stance, and not in battle!
In a real hand-to-hand fight, such a fighter poses a danger to only one person - himself! Only after five to seven years of daily painstaking hours of training will he begin to understand that he has only just gotten closer to mastering the basics! You understand, preparing SOLDIERS in this way is pointless! There simply aren’t these five to seven years to train not even a fighter—a semi-finished product!
As a person who participated (and SURVIVED!) after three real hand-to-hand combat battles, let me note that the Airborne Forces hand-to-hand school and training system still exist! AND IT IS EFFECTIVE! What are the basic principles of fighter training? We must also take into account that in addition to fizukha, there is also daily service! Shooting training, training in a combat specialty, drill (for that matter), outfits and guards, and so on, and so on! But the system has proven its effectiveness, so what does it consist of, this system of training a hand-to-hand paratrooper? I'll try to answer...
The entire system of hand-to-hand combat training of the Airborne Forces is based on three pillars, each component is important, and the question - which one - makes no sense. This is psychological preparation, physical training and a set of basic hand-to-hand combat techniques.. Let's look at them one by one.
So, PSYCHOLOGICAL PREPARATION . It includes bringing it to the level of the subconscious, to the conditioned reflex: battle is NOT a competition! It is impossible to WIN OR LOSE! In battle you can either WIN or die, as they say, there is no third option... No one will shake your hand before the fight or make a ritual bow. They will try to kill you right away, and by all means available at the moment!
The preparation was carried out quite simply, but effectively, no one conducted conversations or psychological tests with us - they simply beat us! Not to defeat, but in such a way that it didn’t seem like enough! Let me emphasize - they didn’t BEAT, but they beat! Feel the difference! You could get a slap or be caught in a chokehold at any moment: while talking with an officer, standing on the orderly’s nightstand, just passing through the unit. Avoiding a hit or grab was encouraged! The answer is even more so! Although, to be fair, it’s worth saying that rarely anyone has succeeded!
They say that such a system was introduced into the practice of the Airborne Forces by their commander - the legendary V.F. Margelov - I don’t know, but if this is so, then I bow to him for it! SUCH a training system saved the lives of many in real wars, and me too... I still, although more than thirty years have passed, I simply physically cannot go around the corner of the building close to it, I walk around in three or four steps...
Constant pressure, in which, by the way, there was nothing personal, because the grandfather received the same as the young man, he developed the skill of constant vigilance, the ability not to relax even in sleep, some kind of sixth sense of danger...
PHYSICAL TRAINING in the Airborne Forces does not require special comments. Endurance training - running in different conditions, goose-stepping, alternating accelerations, jagged rhythm... strength training - pull-ups, push-ups of various types, squats, jumps... pumping the abs again in different ways. All this - “I can’t help it” until the complete darkness in my eyes... There is still enough groundwork, although DMB-77...
What about SET OF BASIC TECHNIQUES melee, here we need to decipher... Not for airborne forces and special forces - they know everything anyway! For fans of films like Rimbaud... This is precisely the training of BASIC techniques, and not TECHNIQUES, and quite individual... Some people prefer throwing, some prefer striking, others prefer chokeholds or techniques for breaking ligaments and fractures of joints. The basics were given to everyone, then the development of stereotypes, bringing the movement to the level of a knee-jerk reflex - in battle there is no time to think, the body reacts on its own, the thought cannot keep up!
Strikes were practiced on various types of training equipment such as makiwara and punching bag, throws were practiced with each other, VERY CAREFULLY AND NOT AT FULL POWER, also applicable to various types of painful and suffocating techniques. Moreover, after mastering the basic movements, everyone trained themselves! No combat sparring in real life, with one exception, which is discussed below... After all, an attempt to carry out, for example, in sparring conditions, an elbow strike to the Adam's apple for one of the fighters may well be the last...
And let me also note, no BALLET in the spirit of Van Dame and Chuck Norris! Legs work up to the knee, not higher! The front part of the lower leg and ankle, the inner surface of the lower leg. Knee - strike to the crotch and inner thigh. The elbow is mainly used to finish off an opponent who has already lost his orientation. Everything is simple and not effective, ugly... BUT - EFFECTIVE!
Now about the exception: About once every two weeks they put a boxing helmet on you and let you go against four or five people, old-timers or officers. Not right away, one by one. I had to hold out for five minutes... The first time, as far as I remember, no one succeeded... The first time I went to rest at the tenth second, missing a powerful straight shot to the head...
In a real battle, the result would have been my death, since I got up only ten minutes later... On the third attempt, I received gratitude in the unit order, because I managed to “put in the ring” the deputy commander of the regiment. The captain, by the way, was not offended by me, and was the first to come to his senses and shook my hand. At the same time, he said: “I started classes... I need to work.”
We didn’t kill rats with our bare hands... but everything is the same, the readiness to fight, at any second of the day or night, and not for life or death, was absorbed into the flesh and blood, into the bone marrow... That, in general, is all “terrible military secrets” that I am about to tell you.
/Andrey Popov, topwar.ru /
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